• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The welding automaton (10) for automated MIG / MAG welding of weld beads (22) on a workpiece (A, B), particularly in the construction of pipelines, tanks and installations, includes: - A movable carriage (18) movable along a weld bead (22) to achieve; - a welding torch (12) movable with the movable carriage (18) along the weld bead (22), through which a shielding gas and a welding wire electrode (28) can be fed to the welding site current; and - a welding power source (14) for supplying the welding torch (12) with a welding current or voltage. The welding power source (14) is adapted to supply the solder wire electrode (28) with a welding current or voltage such that a short arc (24) can be produced between the welding wire electrode (28) and the workpiece (A, B).
    公开号:BE1018063A6
    申请号:E2008/0180
    申请日:2008-03-25
    公开日:2010-04-06
    发明作者:Alfons Schropp；Siegmund Huber
    申请人:Max Streicher Gmbh & Co Komman；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Welding automat and welding process
    The present invention generally relates to the technical field of welding technologies. In particular, the invention relates to a welding automaton and a welding method with which it is possible to produce on a workpiece a weld bead automatically, that is to say without an operator exerting a direct influence. on the welding process during this, using a metal welding process under protective gas, in particular using the MIG and / or MAG welding processes.
    When producing a weld bead using a welding automat, it is not necessary for an operator to lead a soldering gun by hand along the weld seam to be produced, and it is however of course It is possible for an operator to act on the control of the welding automaton, for example to make an adjustment or to compensate for possible tolerances.
    Such welding machines find application for example in the construction of pipelines, reservoirs and installations, in order to automatically produce a filler or covering layer of a weld bead to be produced. On the other hand, it is not possible to set the primer of the weld bead, and what is called the "hotpass", especially in the inverted position (that is to say above the head), with conventional welding machines. This is due to the fact that conventional welding machines produce a long electric arc, with the result that during the welding operation the comparatively large drops of solder wire are detached from the weld electrode before the respective free end of the electrode comes into contact with the workpiece, so that, in the inverted position, these drops do not remain in adhesion in the seam of the weld seam, for reasons relating to gravity, but tend to fall. Usually, the initiation of the weld bead, as well as the "hotpass" are performed by hand, which is however not very cost-effective, and also takes a lot of time.
    The object of the present invention is therefore to propose a welding method, as well as a welding automaton suitable for carrying out this method, of the type indicated in the introduction, which makes it possible to automatically initiate the initiation of a weld bead and the "hotpass" automatically, that is to say without permanent action of an operator during the welding process.
    This objective is achieved with a welding machine for the automated MIG / MAG welding of weld beads on a workpiece, which has the characteristic that the welding power source is designed to feed the welding wire electrode with a current or a welding voltage such that a short electric arc can be produced between the solder wire electrode and the workpiece.
    Furthermore, this object is achieved with a welding method which has the characteristic that the welding wire electrode is fed with a welding current or voltage such that a short electric arc occurs between the Welding wire electrode and workpiece.
    The characteristics which will be explained in the following with reference to the welding automaton according to the invention can be transposed here analogously to the method according to the invention.
    The objective underlying the invention is therefore in particular characterized by the production of a short electric arc. A short electric arc is distinguished by the fact that the solder material is transferred from the end of the welding wire electrode to the workpiece, that is to say towards the weld bead, exclusively in the short circuit. During the welding operation, only the comparatively small drops of solder material at the end of the solder electrode occur at the end of the welding wire electrode, which establish the desired short circuit between the solder wire electrode and the solder wire electrode. the workpiece, so that precisely because of the short length of the electric arc, no drop is detached from the welding wire electrode under the action of gravity and therefore can not fall. The welding machine according to the invention is therefore particularly, but not exclusively, suitable for producing peripheral welding beads in the construction of pipelines, tanks and installations, since with the welding machine according to the invention of the invention, it is possible to minimize the risk, when welding in a reversed position, that the solder material does not remain adhered in the weld seam joint due to the effect of the force of the weld. gravity.
    Advantageous developments of the welding machine or the welding method according to the invention are apparent from the remainder of this description and the drawings.
    In order to produce the desired short arc, the welding power source may be designed to provide a welding current or voltage such that, under the influence of the heat of the electric arc, it a comparatively small drop is formed at the end of the welding wire electrode which, because of the short length of the electric arc, comes into contact with the workpiece, or with the already present melt, before the drop comes off the end of the welding wire electrode. Thanks to this happens the short circuit already mentioned, with the consequence that the electric arc goes out. The drop is then absorbed by the end of the welding wire electrode, either because of its own surface tension or because of the surface tension of the melt already present, so that one runs no risk , even in the inverted position, that the solder material does not remain adhered to the workpiece.
    After absorbing the drop, as explained, by the end of the solder wire electrode, due to the solder voltage produced by the welding power source, the short arc arises again. This phenomenon is repeated, during the MIG / MAG welding, depending on the protective gas used, about 20 to about 100 times per second and, during the short-circuit phase, the current increases each time briefly. This short circuit current, however, has a comparatively low intensity, since the short circuit phase is comparatively short because of the small size of the drop.
    As for the MIG / MAG welding using a short electric arc, this is a "relatively cold" process that is particularly suitable for welding the primer layer and hot-pass layers for welding of thin sheets and in complex positions.
    As can already be deduced from the foregoing explanations, the welding current source is designed to supply the welding wire electrode with a welding current or voltage such that a short circuit occurs between the welding electrode and the welding electrode. piece to work or the weld seam and the end of the welding wire electrode, before the drop is absorbed. In order to make it possible here to absorb the droplet through the end of the welding wire electrode, it is necessary to lead the end of the welding wire electrode along the weld bead to be made in a comparatively close. On the other hand, if the end of the welding wire electrode was guided too far from the weld bead to be produced along it, then no electric arc could be initiated between the end of the electrode. welding wire and the workpiece, which is due to the fact that the welding current source generates only a comparatively low weld voltage. Due to the fact that the solder voltage is comparatively low, the end of the solder wire electrode must therefore be guided along the weld bead to be made comparatively close, in order to be able to initiate an electric arc between end of the welding wire electrode and the workpiece.
    In order to ensure that the welding process using the welding automat according to the invention takes place without the occurrence of unwanted weld spatter, the welding current source can be embodied as a pulsed current source. . In this case, a short pulsed electric arc is produced between the end of the welding wire electrode and the part to be worked, and this is due to the fact that, instead of a current or a constant voltage, a pulsed current or voltage (e) is generated from the welding current source to perform the welding. Thanks to the use of such a source of pulsed current, it is therefore possible to produce drops of solder material that are comparatively thin, so that a soldering automaton equipped with a pulsed current source is particularly suitable for welding the solder. primer of a weld seam as well as for the "hotpass".
    According to another embodiment of the present invention, the welding automat may further comprise a control which is designed to control the welding current or voltage so that the welding current or voltage has at least locally a profile. serrated. With the control, the characteristic variables of the sawtooth profile, such as the base current or the base voltage, the maximum value as well as the slope of the welding current or voltage, can be controlled by means of which can be optimally controlled the welding process and in particular the detachment of the drop vis-à-vis the end of the welding wire electrode.
    In another embodiment, the control may be adapted to intermittently alter the welding current or voltage of the solder wire electrode during the formation and detachment of the drops. Thus, it is possible to reduce the welding current to a minimum, for example precisely at the moment when the drop formed at the end of the welding wire electrode comes into contact with the workpiece, and thus establishes a short circuit between itself and the welding wire electrode. In this way, the occurrence of an unnecessarily high short circuit current can be counteracted.
    Then, it may be advisable to control the welding current or voltage using the command quoted, so that the welding current or voltage increases sharply, briefly before the short circuit tends to stop. following the detachment of the drop, in order to positively influence the so-called "pinch effect" effect. Due to the fact that the control is specially designed to cause an increase in welding current or voltage after first reducing the welding voltage to a minimum, it is further strangled, thanks to the "Pinch" effect. -effect "positively influenced, the molten end of the electrode and the drop that is formed at this time is driven away.
    Briefly before the drop actually detaches from the end of the welding wire electrode, the welding current is again reduced by the control to a minimum, whereby the undesired formation of weld spatter can be counteracted. .
    As can be seen from the foregoing explanations, using the specially designed welding current source with the solder automat according to the invention, a short electric arc can be produced, whereby the solder can be soldered in particular. initiate a weld seam and execute his "hotpass".
    Then, with the welding machine according to the invention, it is also possible to weld the filling layers and the covering layers. In particular, this may be advisable if it attaches particular importance to the fact that the welding environment remains free of welding spatter, since this can be guaranteed with the source of welding current produced as a power source. pulsed and in particular thanks to the intermittent special control of the welding current.
    However, since the welding of filler and cover layers with a short electric arc is rather time-consuming, the welding current source of the soldering machine can be designed, according to one embodiment, to feed the electrode welding wire with a welding current or voltage such that a long electric arc or a rain-melting electric arc can be produced between the welding wire electrode and the workpiece. Such a long or rain-melting electric arc is usually used for the production of filler and cover layers, since this will produce a comparatively large and hot melt, so that these layers of less critical welds to achieve can be filed comparatively quickly.
    In order to be able to produce with the welding power source a short electric arc as well as a long electric arc or a rain-fused electric arc, the welding power source may for example comprise two separate welding power source units. , one of which is designed to produce a suitable current or voltage suitable for generating a short electric arc and the other of which is designed to produce a suitable current or voltage suitable for generating a long electric arc or a fused electric arc in rain.
    According to another embodiment, the welding current source may however also comprise a single welding current source which can be controlled by the control so that a short electric arc or a long electric arc can alternatively be generated. or an electric arc with rain melting, and it is also possible to control the welding current source by means of the control so as to be able to make a continuous transition between a short electric arc and a long electric arc or an arc. electric with fusion in rain.
    According to yet another embodiment, the welding machine according to the invention can however also comprise two completely separate welding current sources, between which one can switch manually or automatically, or to be able to generate a short electric arc with the one of the sources of welding current is a long electric arc or an electric arc with rain melting with the other source of welding current.
    In other words, the welding power source is designed to be able to switch between the power supply or the welding voltage supply to generate a short electric arc and that to generate a long electric arc or a rain-fused electric arc. . Thus, with only a welding automaton, the primer and the "hotpass" as well as the filling and covering layers can be optimized in time.
    In what follows, the present invention will be more exactly explained by means of an embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the automaton of FIG. welding according to the invention, in use; and FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a drop transition that is to be produced with the aid of the welding automaton according to the invention.
    FIG. 1 shows a welding automaton 10 according to the invention, which is fixed on a displacement rail 20, in order to realize the automated connection of two pipeline tubes A and B, in order to be able to be moved along the rail of 20 and in the peripheral direction around the pipeline tube A. The displacement rail 20 may be for example a flexible metal strip which is guided all around the tube A, away from the weld bead 22 to be produced and parallel to the latter . With the welding machine 10, it is desired to achieve a weld bead 22 between the two tubes A and B of the pipeline, to ensure a connection therebetween.
    Along the moving rail 20 is provided a movable carriage 18, which in turn carries a welding torch 12 with a protective gas nozzle 26. The welding torch 12 and in particular the protective gas nozzle 26 can thus be displaced. by means of the movable carriage 18 along the weld bead 22 to be produced.
    The welding machine 10 further comprises a source of welding current 14, with which the welding torch 12 can be fed with a welding current or voltage. In addition, the soldering automaton 10 comprises a control 16 which is in turn coupled with the welding power source 14, in order to be able to control the current or the welding voltage made available by the power source. welding 14.
    There is further provided a supply of protective gas, by means of which the welding torch 12, that is to say its protective gas nozzle 26, can be fed in the usual way with a protective gas, such as CO2, argon or helium. For the sake of clarity, however, the supply of protective gas has not been shown in FIG. 1. Likewise, a welding wire electrode is continuously supplied to the welding torch 12, that is, say to its protective gas nozzle 26 by means of a wire feed device, which has not been shown in Figure 1 for reasons of clarity.
    The welding automat 10 is certainly shown in FIG. 1 in the so-called "12 o'clock" position, but the welding automat 10 and in particular the welding torch 12 can be moved (e) by means of the moving carriage 18 along the displacement rail 20 and along the periphery of the tubes A and B, in order to achieve the weld bead 22 for example also in the inverted position (above the head).
    However, there is the risk, in the inverted position, precisely during the welding of the primer layer and the execution of the "hotpass", that the solder material does not remain adhered in the seam of the weld seam. Because of the effect of gravity, some precautions must be taken to counteract such drops in the solder material.
    According to the invention, the welding power source 14 is adapted to supply the solder wire electrode which is fed through the protective gas nozzle 26 to the current soldering location, with a current or voltage of welding such that a short electric arc 24 appears between the welding wire electrode and the workpiece, that is to say the weld bead 22 to be made between the two tubes A and B.
    As can be seen in Figure 2, the transition to the drop occurs in a short electric arc 24, exclusively short-circuit, which means that there is first a short circuit between the workpiece and the end of the welding wire electrode 28, before the drop formed at the end of the solder wire electrode 28 is absorbed towards the weld bead 22 due to the surface tension of the drop and / or that of the melt 22 already present.
    Thus, under the influence of the heat of the electric arc, a small drop (FIG. 2a) is formed at the end of the welding wire electrode 28 which, because of the short length of the arc electrical 24, already comes into rapid contact with the weld bead 22, so that it appears a short circuit and the electric arc 24 is therefore extinguished (Figure 2b). Then, because of the surface tensions already mentioned, the drop is absorbed by the end of the welding wire electrode 28, whereupon the electric arc 24 lights up again and the process starts again (FIG. 2c).
    To avoid, during the short-circuit phase, a peak of current occurring, the current or the welding voltage made available by the welding wire electrode 14 can be controlled intermittently via the control 16, to minimize welding current or voltage precisely during the short-circuiting phase.
    In order for the welding operation to proceed without occurrence of weld spatter, the welding current source 14 may preferably be in the form of a pulse current source, or it may be controlled by the control 16 such that the welding current or voltage increases each time before the onset of the formation of a drop, and then reduced to a minimum, shortly before the drop is absorbed by the end of the drop. solder wire electrode 28, since this can largely minimize the occurrence of weld spatter. In other words, the control 16 is therefore designed to ensure that the welding power source 14 provides a welding current or voltage with a sawtooth-like profile, whereby it can be further improved. supplement the quality of the welding machine 10 for the welding of the primer of a weld seam and the "hotpass", in particular in the inverted position.
    With the welding machine 10 according to the invention, it is therefore possible to make the primer layer and the "hotpass" of the weld bead 22, in particular also in the inverted position, without running the risk that the solder product listens down under the effect of gravity.
    Of course, after having made the primer and the "hotpass" in this way, it is also possible to realize the filling and covering layers with the welding automaton 10 according to the invention by generating a short electric arc. , as it could take comparatively a long time, it is possible to feed with the soldering current source 14 the welding wire electrode 28 supplied to the welding torch 12 with a welding current or voltage such that it appears a long electric arc or an electric arc with rain melting between the solder wire electrode 28 and the weld bead 28 to achieve. In other words, the welding power source 14 can be switched between two different operating modes, so that it is possible with it to provide a power supply or welding voltage to generate an arc electric short or alternatively a power supply or welding voltage to generate a long electric arc or an arc with rain fusion.
    Switching between the two operating modes can in principle take place manually. To minimize the number of manual interventions or avoid them completely during the welding operation, switching can also take place automatically. For this purpose, it is possible, for example, to determine the number of weld seams produced using a short electric arc, the number of passes of the soldering automaton around the pipeline tubes that are soldered together and / or the total thickness of the weld bead already produced in such a way that, when exceeded predetermined limit values of the values mentioned, the switching can be performed automatically.
    List of references 10. Soldering automaton 12. Welding torch 14. Welding current source 16. Control 18. Moving carriage 20. Moving rail 22. Welding wire 24. Electric arc 26. Protective gas nozzle 28. Electrode Welding wire A. Pipeline tube B. Pipeline tube
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    A welding machine (10) for automated MIG / MAG welding of weld beads (22) on a work piece (A, B), particularly in the construction of pipelines, tanks and installations, comprising: - A movable carriage (18) movable along a weld bead (22) to achieve; - a welding torch (12) movable with the movable carriage (18) along the weld bead (22), through which a shielding gas and a welding wire electrode (28) can be fed to the welding site current; and - a welding power source (14) for supplying the welding torch (12) with a welding current or voltage; characterized in that the welding current source (14) is adapted to supply the solder wire electrode (28) with a welding current or voltage such that a short arc (24) can be produced between the welding wire electrode (28) and the workpiece (A, B).
    [2]
    Welding machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the welding current source (14) is designed to supply the welding wire electrode (28) with a welding current or voltage such that by means of the short electric arc (24) between the welding wire electrode (28) and the workpiece (A, B), it is possible to produce a drop such that the drop is absorbed by the end of the welding wire electrode (28) due to the surface tension of the already produced melt.
    [3]
    Welding machine according to Claim 2, characterized in that the welding current source (14) is designed to supply the welding wire electrode (28) with a welding current or voltage such that before the drop is absorbed, a short circuit is formed via the drop between the workpiece (A, B) and the end of the solder wire electrode (28).
    [4]
    Welding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the welding current source (14) is designed as a pulse current source.
    [5]
    Welding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control (16) is provided which is designed to control the welding current or attention so that the current or welding voltage increases at least per area during the formation and the detachment of the drops.
    [6]
    A soldering machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the control (16) is adapted to intermittently change the welding current or voltage of the welding power source (14) during the formation and detachment of the welding power sources. drops.
    [7]
    Welding machine according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the control (16) is designed to control the welding current or voltage in such a way that the welding current or voltage decreases when the droplet shape at the end of the welding wire electrode (28) comes into contact with the workpiece (A, B).
    [8]
    Welding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the welding current source (14) is adapted to supply the welding wire electrode (28) with a welding current or voltage. such that it is possible to produce a long electric arc or a rain-fused electric arc between the solder wire electrode (28) and the workpiece.
    [9]
    Welding machine according to Claim 8, characterized in that the welding current source (14) is designed to switch the power supply or welding voltage to produce a short electric arc or to produce a long electric arc or an electric arc with rain melting.
    [10]
    10. A method for automated MIG / MAG welding of weld beads (22) on a work piece (A, B), particularly in the construction of pipelines, tanks and installations, in which: - a movable carriage (18) equipped with a welding torch (12) is moved along a weld bead (22) to achieve; - a shielding gas and a welding wire electrode (22) are fed to the current welding location via the welding torch (12); and - the welding torch (12) is fed with a welding current or voltage; characterized in that the solder wire electrode (28) is energized with a welding current or voltage such that a short arc (24) occurs between the solder wire electrode (28). ) and the workpiece (A, B).
    [11]
    A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the welding current or voltage is made available by a welding power source (14) which is specially designed to supply the welding wire electrode. (28) a welding current or voltage such that the short arc (24) illuminates between the solder wire electrode (28) and the workpiece (A, B).
    [12]
    Method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the welding wire electrode (28) is supplied with a welding current or voltage such that due to the short electric arc (24). ) between the solder wire electrode (28) and the workpiece (A, B), a drop is produced so that the drop is absorbed by the end of the solder wire electrode (28). ) because of the surface tension of the melt already produced.
    [13]
    13. Method according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the welding wire electrode (28) is fed with a current or a welding voltage such that before the drop is absorbed, there is a short circuit via the drop between the workpiece (A, B) and the end of the solder wire electrode (28).
    [14]
    Method according to one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that a pulsed short arc (24) is produced between the workpiece (A, B) and the welding wire electrode (28). .
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT12171U1|2011-12-15|
    ITMI20080106U1|2008-09-30|
    CZ18673U1|2008-06-17|
    DE202007004709U1|2007-06-06|
    NL2001378C1|2008-10-02|
    ES1067596U|2008-06-01|
    ES1067596Y|2008-09-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2010066414A1|2008-12-12|2010-06-17|Erdogan Karakas|Resistance welding method and device|
    法律状态:
    2011-09-30| RE| Patent lapsed|Effective date: 20110331 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE202007004709|2007-03-30|
    DE202007004709U|DE202007004709U1|2007-03-30|2007-03-30|Automatic welding machine used in e.g. metal inert gas welding comprises a welding current source for supplying a welding wire electrode with a welding current or voltage|
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